Criminal environmental liability has been increasing in rural areas, with farmers, business owners, and technical professionals being investigated for environmental crimes under Law No. 9,605/1998. An effective legal defense, initiated during the investigation phase, is essential to avoid imprisonment, fines, and activity suspensions. This article details the types of environmental crimes, the criminal process, applicable penalties, and strategies for a strong technical defense, while also addressing corporate criminal liability and alternative measures to criminal prosecution.
